Governing the Commons of Mobility
By Dimitris Papanikolaou
“We are at the threshold of a new era of urban transport.” With this provocative statement and the grandiose title “Reinventing the Automobile”, Mitchell, Borroni-Bird, and Burns unraveled in their book a fascinating vision for urban mobility. Shared fleets of compact, robotic, electric vehicles, placed strategically at networks of recharging stations, allow citizens to move ubiquitously, independently, and on demand. On top of this physical infrastructure, an intelligent layer of sensors, communication protocols, and personal devices, enables participants to quickly locate vehicle and parking availability. By maintaining an optimal balance of vehicles at stations, the idea is that more citizens can commute with fewer vehicles while cities can reclaim back urban land [1].
The growth of shared mobility is astonishing. With an industry doubling biannually, global fleets accounting 104K (2014) and 14M (2017) cars [2] and bikes [3] respectively, and the first autonomous vehicles (AV) already cruising in streets of Pittsburgh, Singapore, and Silicon Valley, MoD systems are one of the most rapidly growing sectors of urban transport. Yet, the average shared vehicle remains nearly as much idle as a private one while half users complain about vehicle or parking availability. Behind the scenes, an army of trucks, employees, and computer algorithms move continuously vehicles from full to empty locations increasing congestion, energy waste, and carbon emissions. More often than not, this effort is ineffective.
The question I put forward is: Who should be entitled to decide operations in a common of mobility and how should cost be shared among users? Framing the discourse as an institutional design problem [4], [5], I will compare two models of governing commons of mobility: command-and-control and self-governance. In the first (and currently used) model, a commander gathers information from the system and directs dispatches of vehicles from full to empty locations. In the second model, a social mechanism rewards trips from full empty locations while penalizing trips the other way around. I will compare models based on their capacity to utilize resources and share cost among users in ways that reflect their trip valuations.
First, I will argue that command-and-control fails to allocate cost of mobility in a socially optimal manner because by controlling how vehicles navigate, it prioritizes users’ options in ways that ignore their personal valuations of time. As a result, while for some users sharing is worthier than not sharing, for others it is not. Second, I will argue that self-governance has a potential of maximizing resource utilization and of allocating cost in a socially optimal manner, since for each trip pattern, there can be a set of trip prices that reflect users’ valuations of time. I will discuss a social mechanism that in theory achieves this objective: users buy/sell vehicle rights from/to origin/destination locations at prices emerging from mutual competition; similarly to a stock market, trip values derive as transactional differences between buying and selling, and can be positive, negative, or zero. Mutual competition brings the system in equilibrium relocating resources from users willing to pay to save time to users willing to profit from spare time. I will conclude by discussing implications in the future of shared mobility.
Works Cited (tentative)
[1] W. J. Mitchell, C. Borroni-Bird and L. D. Burns, Reinventing the Automobile: Personal Urban Mobility for the 21st Century, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2010.
[2] S. Shaheen and A. Cohen, "Innovative Mobility Carsharing Outlook," 2016.
[3] P. DeMaio, "The Bike-sharing World Map," [Online]. Available: www.bikesharingmap.com. [Accessed 19 09 2017].
[4] E. Ostrom, Governing the Commons : The Evolution of Institutions for Collective Action, New York: Political Economy of Institutions and Decisions , 1990.
[5] G. Hardin, "The Tragedy of the Commons," Science, vol. 162, no. 3859, pp. 1243-1248, 1968.
Outline (3,500 words)
1. The Vision of Shared Mobility (800 words)
I will overview past, present, and future discussions on sharing in on-demand urban mobility systems, presenting the discourse as (i) a vision from Mitchell et al., (ii) an existing reality, (iii) futuristic trends, (iv) as a tragedy of commons, and (v) as an institutional design problem from a political economy perspective.
2. Command and Control (850 words)
Bringing examples from bike sharing, car sharing, autonomous drone/vehicle services, I will discuss limitations and failures of command-and-control model in shared public transit systems, critiquing its performance in utilizing recourses and in allocating cost in a socially equitable manner.
3. Self-Governance (850 words)
Similarly, I will discuss the potential of self-governance and basic conditions that must be met in order to govern commons from a collective action and a social mechanism design perspective.
4. The Market Economy of Trips (500 words)
I will discuss an example of pricing mechanism design (based on a two-sided market) that in principle can achieve a Pareto-optimal allocation.
5. Governing the Commons of Mobility (500 words)
I will conclude with a critical discourse on the future of sharing in on-demand urban mobility systems.
259 Comments – Login to comment
aftabkhatri · Sep 18, 18 6:48 am
You have done really good work with this topic. I didn't think one could put up this good see this using the references. Really great work keep it up.stevengriffin · Nov 3, 19 4:36 pm
rebeccafoley · Feb 21, 20 5:08 am
We are in need of finding such transportation means that are economical and resourceful as well as which could not contaminate our environment. No doubt essay writing website are just like blessing for the students. We are expecting some major breakthroughs in this era.stefanpetkovski · Apr 29, 20 7:38 pm
lisa86885332 · May 2, 20 1:01 am
Thanks so much for this! https://www.billingsfencebuilder.comlindalawson · Jul 25, 20 7:59 pm
https://ultimateganjastore.com/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product-category/buy-backwoods-prerolls-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/?product_cat=buy-dankwoods-online&s=&post_type=product
https://ultimateganjastore.com/?product_cat=buy-packwoods-online&s=&post_type=product
https://ultimateganjastore.com/?product_cat=buy-pax-vaporizer-online&s=&post_type=product
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product-category/buy-weed-cans-online/buy-smart-buds-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product-category/buy-vape-cartridges-online/buy-stiiizy-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product-category/buy-vape-cartridges-online/buy-stiiizy-pods-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product-category/buy-weed-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product-category/buy-prerolls-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product-category/buy-weed-cans-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product-category/buy-kiva-edibles-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product-category/buy-vape-cartridges-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-dankwoods-lemon-tree-preroll-online-2/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-dankwoods-white-fire-preroll-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-honey-berry-backwoods-prerolls-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-backwoods-sweet-aromatic-prerolls-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-backwoods-black-n-sweet-aromatic-prerolls-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-backwoods-wild-n-mild-original-prerolls-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-backwoods-dark-stout-prerolls-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-backwoods-honey-bourbon-preroll-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-backwoods-honey-prerolls-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-backwoods-russian-cream-prerolls-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-dankwoods-banana-kush-preroll-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-dankwoods-girl-scout-cookies-preroll-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-dankwoods-kosher-kush-preroll-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-dankwoods-lemon-tree-preroll-online-2/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-dankwoods-skywalker-og-preroll-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-dankwoods-sour-diesel-preroll-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-dankwoods-sunset-sherbert-prerolls-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-dankwoods-white-fire-preroll-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-packwoods-black-jack-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-packwoods-cherry-ak-47-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-packwoods-dtla-og-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-packwoods-el-chapo-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-packwoods-guava-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-packwoods-rose-og-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-packwoods-strawana-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-packwoods-super-skunk-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/pax-era/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-pax-2-vaporizer-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-pax-3-vaporizer-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-pax-era-pro-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-stiiizy-strawberry-cough-pods-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-gorilla-cake-stiiizy-pod-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-stiiizy-blue-dream-pod-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-ghost-train-haze-stiiizy-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-stiiizy-premium-jack-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-sunset-sherbert-stiiizy-pod-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-stiiizy-biiig-battery-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-london-pound-higher-flyer-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-dark-chocolate-cbd-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-espresso-dark-chocolate-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-kiva-dark-chocolate-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-kiva-milk-chocolate-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-kiva-vanilla-chai-milk-chocolate-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-og-kush-shatter-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-white-widow-wax-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/afghan-haze/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-ak47-weed-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-banana-kush-weed-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-big-smooth-cookies-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/black-widow-kush/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-blue-dream-weed-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-bruce-banner-weed-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-chemdewg-kush-weed-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-dolce-gelato-cookies-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/gelato-weed/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-california-gelatti-cookies-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/girl-scout-cookies-2/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-godfather-og-kush-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-gorilla-glue-weed-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-moonrock-kush-weed-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/og-kush/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-papaya-punch-cookies-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-pink-runtz-weed-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-sour-diesel-kush-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-runtz-kush-weed-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-white-widow-marijuana-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-animal-face-smart-bud-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-fire-og-smart-bud-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-grape-ape-smart-bud-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-crazy-blue-smart-buds-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-elmers-glue-smart-bud-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-apricot-gelato-smart-bud-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-lemon-kush-smart-bud-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-crack-og-smart-bud-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-mimosa-smart-bud-online
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-white-widow-wax-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-blue-dream-wax-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-fire-og-shatter-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-future-weed-gummy-bears-400mg-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-future-weed-sour-gummy-worms-400mg-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-future-weed-peach-rings-400mg-online/
digitalzone · Aug 16, 20 11:45 am
I impressed, I need to say. Really not often do I encounter a blog that each educative and entertaining, and let me tell you, you have hit the nail on the head. Your concept is outstanding; the problem is something that not sufficient persons are speaking intelligently about. I’m very comfortable that I stumbled across this in my seek for one thing referring to this. Noixdigitalzone · Aug 16, 20 11:48 am
Thanks for taking the time to discuss this, I feel strongly about it and love learning more on this topic. If possible, as you gain expertise, would you mind updating your blog with extra information? It is extremely helpful for me. Renovatie tuindigitalzone · Aug 16, 20 11:52 am
It is a good site post without fail. Not too many people would actually, the way you just did. I am impressed that there is so much information about this subject that has been uncovered and you’ve defeated yourself this time, with so much quality. Good Works! Noisettesdigitalzone · Aug 16, 20 11:59 am
After study a few of the websites in your internet site now, and I really like your way of blogging. I bookmarked it to my bookmark website list and will also be checking back soon. Pls look at my web site at the same time and let me know how you feel. Zwemvijver aanleggendigitalzone · Aug 16, 20 12:01 pm
This particular papers fabulous, and My spouse and i enjoy each of the perform that you have placed into this. I’m sure that you will be making a really useful place. I has been additionally pleased. Good perform! Pistachesdigitalzone · Aug 16, 20 12:04 pm
You have done a great job on this article. It’s very readable and highly intelligent. You have even managed to make it understandable and easy to read. You have some real writing talent. Thank you. Tuin renoverendigitalzone · Aug 16, 20 12:07 pm
Thanks for picking out the time to discuss this, I feel great about it and love studying more on this topic. It is extremely helpful for me. Thanks for such a valuable help again. Notenshopdigitalzone · Aug 16, 20 12:09 pm
Very efficiently written information. It will be beneficial to anybody who utilizes it, including me. Keep up the good work. For sure i will check out more posts. This site seems to get a good amount of visitors. Aanleg zwemvijverdigitalzone · Aug 16, 20 12:29 pm
I have read a few of the articles on your website now, and I really like your style of blogging. I added it to my favorites blog site list and will be checking back soon. Please check out my site as well and let me know what you think. Cacahuètesdigitalzone · Aug 16, 20 12:36 pm
It is included in my habit that I often visit blogs in my free time, so after landing on your blog. I have thoroughly impressed with it and decided to take out some precious time to visit it again and again. Thanks. Aanleggen tuindigitalzone · Aug 16, 20 12:40 pm
This article is an appealing wealth of useful informative that is interesting and well-written. I commend your hard work on this and thank you for this information. I know it very well that if anyone visits your blog, then he/she will surely revisit it again. Noix de pécandigitalzone · Aug 16, 20 12:51 pm
Wow, cool post. I'd like to write like this too - taking time and real hard work to make a great article... but I put things off too much and never seem to get started. Thanks though. Noten kopen onlinedigitalzone · Aug 16, 20 12:54 pm
Nice post. I was checking constantly this blog and I’m impressed! Extremely useful info specially the last part I care for such information a lot. I was seeking this certain info for a long time. Thank you and good luck. Tuinaanlegdigitalzone · Aug 16, 20 1:33 pm
Efficiently written information. It will be profitable to anybody who utilizes it, counting me. Keep up the good work. For certain I will review out more posts day in and day out. Amandelendigitalzone · Aug 16, 20 1:35 pm
An interesting discussion may be worth comment. I do believe that you ought to write much more about this topic, it might certainly be a taboo subject but usually folks are too few to communicate on such topics. Yet another. Cheers Tuinontwerpdigitalzone · Aug 16, 20 1:38 pm
Thanks for taking the time to discuss that, I feel strongly about this and so really like getting to know more on this kind of field. Do you mind updating your blog post with additional insight? It should be really useful for all of us. Cashewnotendigitalzone · Aug 16, 20 1:41 pm
I can’t believe focusing long enough to research; much less write this kind of article. You’ve outdone yourself with this material without a doubt. It is one of the greatest contents. Tuin ontwerpendigitalzone · Aug 16, 20 1:44 pm
Wonderful blog! Do you have any tips and hints for aspiring writers? Because I’m going to start my website soon, but I’m a little lost on everything. Many thanks! Walnotendigitalzone · Aug 16, 20 1:46 pm
This is my first time i visit here. I found so many interesting stuff in your blog especially its discussion. From the tons of comments on your articles, I guess I am not the only one having all the enjoyment here keep up the good work Ontwerp tuindigitalzone · Aug 16, 20 1:49 pm
Wonderful blog! I found it while surfing around on Yahoo News. Do you have any suggestions on how to get listed in Yahoo News? I’ve been trying for a while but I never seem to get there! Appreciate it. Hazelnotendigitalzone · Aug 16, 20 1:52 pm
I definitely enjoying every little bit of it. It is a great website and nice share. I want to thank you. Good job! You guys do a great blog, and have some great contents. Keep up the good work. Paranotendigitalzone · Aug 16, 20 1:55 pm
Was required to give you that not much remark to appreciate it just as before for these spectacular techniques you’ve got provided on this page. It’s so particularly generous with normal folks that you to provide unreservedly what many people would have marketed as a possible e-book to earn some dough for their own end, primarily considering that you may have tried it if you wanted. The tactics also acted being fantastic way to know that everyone’s similar desire equally as my to understand significantly more regarding this condition. I’m sure there are many more pleasing opportunities at the start if you go through your blog post post. Tuin aanleggendigitalzone · Aug 16, 20 1:57 pm
I am happy to find this post very useful for me, as it contains lot of information. I always prefer to read the quality content and this thing I found in you post. Thanks for sharing. Pistachenotendigitalzone · Aug 16, 20 2:00 pm
Succeed! It could be one of the most useful blogs we have ever come across on the subject. Excellent info! I’m also an expert in this topic so I can understand your effort very well. Thanks for the huge help. Tuinontwerpendigitalzone · Aug 16, 20 2:02 pm
It is a good site post without fail. Not too many people would actually, the way you just did. I am impressed that there is so much information about this subject that has been uncovered and you’ve defeated yourself this time, with so much quality. Good Works! Pecannotendigitalzone · Aug 16, 20 2:06 pm
Positive site, where did u come up with the information on this posting?I have read a few of the articles on your website now, and I really like your style. Thanks a million and please keep up the effective work. Aanleg tuindigitalzone · Aug 16, 20 2:10 pm
Thank you a bunch for sharing this with all of us you actually realize what you are talking about! Bookmarked. Please also seek advice from my site =). We could have a hyperlink change contract between us! Tuinarchitectdigitalzone · Aug 16, 20 2:12 pm
I know this is one of the most meaningful information for me. And I'm animated reading your article. But should remark on some general things, the website style is perfect; the articles are great. Thanks for the ton of tangible and attainable help. Havervlokkendigitalzone · Aug 16, 20 2:15 pm
More often than not, when you use service search terms these firms specialize in jobs appointing during my realm possibly work around my local area. Nothing at all is nope during this. Truthfully, near painful global financial eras travelers needs to be tiny bit far more powerful utilizing a assignment shop. Whenever you want to contemplate it, the reason that most guys need a purpose in the geographic area is actually easiness. It is somewhat convenient to work almost domestic since it will reduce problems, strains, but also money created by transportation. Prospect that are searhing for activities retaining during my domain is because definitely is nifty to remain dear to home assuming any type of critical internal crisis rears its ugly head. This is certainly to tell you practically of the classic benefits caught up once you have young children. Webdesigndigitalzone · Aug 16, 20 2:18 pm
Great job for publishing such a beneficial web site. Your web log isn’t only useful but it is additionally really creative too. There tend to be not many people who can certainly write not so simple posts that artistically. Continue the nice writing Webdesigndigitalzone · Aug 16, 20 2:21 pm
Succeed! It could be one of the most useful blogs we have ever come across on the subject. Excellent info! I’m also an expert in this topic so I can understand your effort very well. Thanks for the huge help. Webdesigndigitalzone · Aug 16, 20 2:23 pm
Fabulous post, you have denoted out some fantastic points, I likewise think this s a very wonderful website. I will visit again for more quality contents and also, recommend this site to all. Thanks. Webdesignerdigitalzone · Aug 16, 20 2:26 pm
You make so many great points here that I read your article a couple of times. Your views are in accordance with my own for the most part. This is great content for your readers. Webdesigndigitalzone · Sep 16, 20 4:51 am
Today, I was just browsing along and came upon your blog. Just wanted to say good blog and this article helped me a lot, due to which I have found exactly I was looking. Capital Gains Tax Advicecourtmarriage · Sep 24, 20 7:12 am
online nikah service
court marriage in pakistan
court marriage in pakistan
family lawyer in pakistan
divorce lawyer in pakistan
divorce procedure for overseas pakistani
court marriage in pakistan
court marriage in faisalabad
court marriage in faisalabad
family lawyer in lahore
divorce lawyer in faisalabad
court marriage in lahore
court marriage in lahore
family lawyer in faisalabad
divorce lawyer in lahore
property lawyer in pakistan
court marriage in pakistan
nikah procedure in pakistan
family lawyer
online nikah registration
property lawyer
divorce and khula lawyer in pakistan
children custody lawyer
digitalzone · Oct 2, 20 3:31 am
Hello There. I found your blog using msn. This is an extremely well written article. I will be sure to bookmark it and return to read more of your useful information. Thanks for the post. I’ll certainly comeback. Tax Advisors Tax Accountantsdigitalzone · Oct 2, 20 3:38 am
Efficiently written information. It will be profitable to anybody who utilizes it, counting me. Keep up the good work. For certain I will review out more posts day in and day out. East Grinstead Accountantslindalawson · Oct 3, 20 3:34 pm
https://ultimateganjastore.com/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product-category/buy-prerolls-online/buy-backwoods-prerolls-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product-category/buy-prerolls-online/buy-dankwoods-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product-category/buy-prerolls-online/buy-packwoods-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product-category/buy-weed-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product-category/buy-prerolls-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product-category/buy-weed-edibles-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product-category/buy-weed-edibles-online/buy-kiva-edibles-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product-category/buy-vape-cartridges-online/"
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product-category/buy-vape-cartridges-online/buy-stiiizy-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product-category/buy-vape-cartridges-online/buy-stiiizy-pods-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product-category/buy-pax-vaporizer-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product-category/buy-weed-concentrates-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product-category/buy-weed-cans-online/buy-smart-buds-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-dankwoods-lemon-tree-preroll-online-2/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-dankwoods-white-fire-preroll-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-honey-berry-backwoods-prerolls-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-backwoods-sweet-aromatic-prerolls-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-backwoods-black-n-sweet-aromatic-prerolls-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-backwoods-wild-n-mild-original-prerolls-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-backwoods-dark-stout-prerolls-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-backwoods-honey-bourbon-preroll-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-backwoods-honey-prerolls-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-backwoods-russian-cream-prerolls-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-dankwoods-banana-kush-preroll-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-dankwoods-girl-scout-cookies-preroll-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-dankwoods-kosher-kush-preroll-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-dankwoods-lemon-tree-preroll-online-2/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-dankwoods-skywalker-og-preroll-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-dankwoods-sour-diesel-preroll-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-dankwoods-sunset-sherbert-prerolls-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-dankwoods-white-fire-preroll-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-packwoods-black-jack-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-packwoods-cherry-ak-47-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-packwoods-dtla-og-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-packwoods-el-chapo-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-packwoods-guava-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-packwoods-rose-og-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-packwoods-strawana-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-packwoods-super-skunk-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/pax-era/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-pax-2-vaporizer-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-pax-3-vaporizer-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-pax-era-pro-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-stiiizy-strawberry-cough-pods-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-gorilla-cake-stiiizy-pod-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-stiiizy-blue-dream-pod-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-ghost-train-haze-stiiizy-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-stiiizy-premium-jack-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-sunset-sherbert-stiiizy-pod-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-stiiizy-biiig-battery-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-london-pound-higher-flyer-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-dark-chocolate-cbd-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-espresso-dark-chocolate-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-kiva-dark-chocolate-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-kiva-milk-chocolate-edible-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-kiva-vanilla-chai-milk-chocolate-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-og-kush-shatter-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-white-widow-wax-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/afghan-haze/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-ak47-weed-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-banana-kush-weed-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-big-smooth-cookies-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/black-widow-kush/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-blue-dream-weed-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-bruce-banner-weed-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-chemdewg-kush-weed-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-dolce-gelato-cookies-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/gelato-weed/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-california-gelatti-cookies-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/girl-scout-cookies-2/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-godfather-og-kush-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-gorilla-glue-weed-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-moonrock-kush-weed-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/og-kush/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-papaya-punch-cookies-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-pink-runtz-weed-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-sour-diesel-kush-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-runtz-kush-weed-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-white-widow-marijuana-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-animal-face-smart-bud-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-fire-og-smart-bud-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-grape-ape-smart-bud-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-crazy-blue-smart-buds-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-elmers-glue-smart-bud-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-apricot-gelato-smart-bud-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-lemon-kush-smart-bud-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-crack-og-smart-bud-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-mimosa-smart-bud-online
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-white-widow-wax-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-blue-dream-wax-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-fire-og-shatter-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-future-weed-gummy-bears-400mg-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-future-weed-sour-gummy-worms-400mg-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-future-weed-peach-rings-400mg-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-dankwoods-wedding-cake-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-dankwoods-gorilla-glue-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-backwoods-vanilla-prerolls-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-grape-backwoods-prerolls-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product-category/buy-weed-edibles-online/buy-kiva-edibles-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-churro-milk-chocolate-kiva-bar-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-kiva-mint-chocolate-chip-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-terra-milk-chocolate-blueberries-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product/buy-terra-dark-chocolate-espresso-beans-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product-category/buy-weed-edibles-online/buy-kiva-edibles-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product-category/buy-weed-edibles-online/
https://ultimateganjastore.com/product-category/buy-weed-edibles-online/
digitalzone · Oct 11, 20 4:36 am
digitalzone · Nov 1, 20 9:00 am
jasminerobert · Nov 7, 20 1:49 am
This is really great work , Thank you for sharing such a useful information here in the blog. I have something to share here https://www.thenortonsetup.com/remixmusic · Nov 8, 20 1:37 pm
digitalzone · Nov 15, 20 3:12 am
joeanderson · Dec 1, 20 5:36 pm
This content is great especially regarding the future of automobile. But if you are looking for the best drywall in Atlanta, check this out : https://www.drywallatlanta.net